Energy security in south africa global network on energy for. Water security in south africa page 7 development planning division working paper series no. Sino african economic relations vary greatly, based primarily on whether the african state has natural resources and a market for chinese. South africa international renewable energy conference 18 state of the nation address extracts by his excellency jacob g zuma on 12 february 2015 20 south africas energy situation 23 new shipping vessels hired for offshore support duty 24 top 20 energy saving tips 26 africa energy indaba it gives me great pleasure to present the inaugural. Introduction and purpose objective the purpose of the study is to generate timely and credible information to support current work in the. In south africa, energy demands associated with economic. As south africa embarks upon a massive capital program to increase our power generation capacity, the upward pressure on electricity tariffs will provide the impetus for saving energy. This paper is one of nine papers in the food energy water nexus study. South africas energy future energy research centre university of. Responses congressional research service 2 including south africa, nigeria, and kenya. Energy poverty is different from poverty in general. Lesotho receives 60 per cent more rain than south africa, some of this is transferred through a system of reservoirs, dams and transport tunnels to south african municipalities and mine sites. The situation of energy poverty in africa can be measured through access to energy according to household surveys. Power electricity energy modelling and planning tariff analysis and migration conceptual to detailed design build and commisioning bilateral power purchase agreements off energy security services africa pty ltd engnet south africa.
Impacts of droughts on livestock numbers in selected african countries, 1981 to 1999 22 table 3. South africa s commitment to renewable energy lags behind that of china, india, brazil, and russia. Energy poverty in africa african energy commission. Greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide and methane, are a natural.
South africas decline is worst among nations not at war. Energy security remains a grave problem for countries in west and central africa. Climate change, the food energy water nexus and food security in south africa. Oil is a major component of the energy mix, so that energy security in our context is. North africa, which is heavily dependent on oil and gas, south africa, which depends on coal and the rest of subsaharan africa, which is largely reliant on biomass karekezi, 2002a. The rise of africa in the international geopolitical. Africa is set to become increasingly influential in shaping global energy trends over the next two decades as it undergoes the largest process of urbanisation the world has ever seen. Department of energy south africa policy to support the. Employment in agriculture as share of total employment, by. South africa s per capita greenhouse gas emissions are the highest in africa. Introduction the demand for energy continually increases with south africa s developing population and economy.
Oil is a major component of the energy mix, so that energy security in our context is about reducing vulnerability of and dependence on oil imports. Pdf energy security and liquid fuels in south africa researchgate. With south africa s growing population and increasing need for energy, the department of energy is continuously working towards ensuring energy security. Your sectors news, opinions, research, events, jobs and companies. Energy security and liquid fuels in south africa article pdf available in journal of energy in southern africa 201 february 2009 with 81 reads how we measure reads. Perspectives on energy security and renewable energies in. Energy security reliable, affordable access to all fuels and energy sources the iea conducts analysis on current and future risks for oil supply disruption, emerging gas security challenges, and increasing system flexibility and resilience of the electricity sector. Confronting these challenges is a complex task and requires an innovative integrated approach to energy policing. We argue that south africa is facing a crisis in energy security, evidenced in the three most important sectors electricity supply, liquid fuels production and coal supply for electricity. One initiative has been the waterenergyfood security nexus developed in bonn by holger hoff. Figures for eastern and southern african countries.
Water security in south africa development bank of. The role of renewable energy solutions in mitigating climate change is proven. This chapter begins by examining foreign powers expandedexploitation of oil and uranium resources in subsaharan africa. However, the prospects of turning the potential of renewable energy sources into reality are dim without. The extent of food security in south africa statistics. Nov 27, 2012 the nuclear energy policy aims to increase the role of nuclear energy as part of the process of diversifying south africas primary energy sources to ensure energy security. Nationals of two african countries, somalia and sudan, are subject to a revised executive order on immigration signed by president trump in. Energy security and subsaharan africa openedition journals. The department acknowledges the traditional owners of the country throughout australia and their continuing connection to land, sea and community. Introduction as south africa enters the 8th year of a sustained period of economic growth, the security of electricity supply has become very critical. Jan 22, 2017 africa needs to manage food, water and energy in a way that connects all three. The heavy reliance on fossil fuels and inefficient and outdated coalfired power plants is one of the main reasons for the energy sectors high contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions.
Pdf south africa relies heavily on imported crude oil. The plan advocates diversification of energy sources, including renewables, as well as fuel switching to improve energy efficiency. Official south african statements on energy security. This chapter begins by examining foreign powers expanded exploitation of oil and uranium resources in subsaharan africa. May 16, 2019 the extent of food security in south africa. The impact of climate change on food security in south africa. Chapter 11 climate change department of environmental. Energy security services africa pty ltd home facebook. The political economy of energy policy in south africa energia. South african energy is dominated by coal, which is plentiful and cheap, and is ranked among the. The implications of south africas nuclear power programme 1. Energy security services africa pty ltd engnet south africa. In our strategic plan, we outline how, collectively, we will realise a.
Energy security in south america and southern africa. Load shedding and the energy security of republic of south. The food energy water nexus understanding south africas. Equitable and sustainable use of water for socioeconomic development g r o u p e d e l a b a n q ue afr ic ne d e d e v e l o p e m e n t a f ri c a n d e v elopment b a k g o u p economic commission for africa. Itassesses subsaharan states attempts to increase consumption of local oiland.
South africa also continues to be an important subsaharan uranium supplier, as does namibia. Pdf the impact of the south african energy crisis on. Did you know that in 2017, 6,8 million south africans experienced hunger. Perspectives on energy security and renewable energies in subsaharan africa practical opportunities and regulatory challenges edited by oliver c. The impact of the south african energy crisis on emissions article pdf available in wit transactions on ecology and the environment 198. Consumption levels of energy, particularly electricity, in south africa are significantly higher. A second critical factor underpinning energy security is the selection of the appropriate electricity generation mix. Rather than focusing on the middle east, as analyses did in the 1970s and early 1980s, recent concerns regarding international energy geopolitics have cast a wider geographic net. Currently south africa is dominated by coal as energy source, with nuclear, gas, diesel and recently renewable sources that contribute electricity to the national grid. Africa needs to manage food, water and energy in a way that. Perceptions on public expectations and municipal obligations, governance and water reuse article pdf available in water s. Most analyses of international energy geopolitics examine the interests and behaviour of powerful energy importing countries like the us and china. Policies in south africa world future council workshop in.
Published by palgrave macmillan over the last decade the topic of energy security has reappeared on global policy agendas. Much has been written about poverty, energy, development, environment and gender, but unfortunately, recent policies adopted by the south african government have completely failed to adequately address the issue. Energy security services africa pty ltd engnet south. With south africas growing population and increasing need for energy, the department of energy is continuously working towards ensuring energy security. The united nations conference on sustainable development reaffirmed the political commitments of the international community to pursue sustainable development, under the principles of agenda 21, including the principle of common but differentiated. Chinas oil rush in africa energy security in focus. Indeed, some people may be poor, but not in a situation of energy poverty or not poor, but in a situation of energy poverty.
May 22, 2014 having established a broad framework for the analysis of energy security, the paper turns to the analysis of south africas energy security situation. Cooking energy is a necessary input for satisfying the basic human need of survival. In southern africa, energy securityparticularly that of electricity supplyis. The longterm vision of the policy is for south africa to become globally competitive in the use of. This coaltoliquids technology may be essential to chinas future. South africa receives more than twice as much sunshine than germany, where over 15 percent of the national electricity supply comes from renewable sources.
Load shedding and the energy security of republic of south africa. Pdf energy security and liquid fuels in south africa. Although china does not import oil from south africa, it could benefit from south africa s technology in the energy sector and the strong refining and gasification infrastructure of sasol, a south african based global. It goeson to examine how energy importers efforts to enhance their energysecurity through africa are impacting energy security within africa. The electricity security in south africa semantic scholar. Nuclear power has been touted as one of the solutions to meet this ever. Integrated food security strategy for south africa ifss. The plan declares south africa s continued reliance on coal, but also uses modeling to forecast which energy sources can be used most effectively to meet demand.
Highly coupled and interdependent introduction food, water and energy security forms the basis of a resilient economy, but as a waterscarce country with little arable land and a dependence on coalfired power and oil imports, south africa s economy is testing the limits of its resource constraints. While the number has dropped from,5 million in 2002, it still affects 1,7 million households across the country. This report presents an update on the current state of energy poverty in south african cities and is a follow up to the tackling urban energy poverty in south africa report that was published in 2014 by sustainable energy africa. Having established a broad framework for the analysis of energy security, the paper turns to the analysis of south africa s energy security situation. Similarly, the potential for sinoamerican conflict over african resources is extremely remote. Perspectives on energy security and renewable energies in sub.
The energy sector faces a number of challenges, climate change being one of them. Water is also central to energy in south africa, both in terms of hydropower and coalfired generation, and agriculture, making it an important link when considering the development goals of energy and food production. Gas could become another alternative to south africa s energy supply challenge as gas power plants consume much less water than coalfired plants. A smarter, more flexible grid would give south africa a much better return on its energy investments, and make renewables a more significant part of the energy mix. Energy security and liquid fuels in south africa scielo. More focus is also needed on the transmission and distribution of electricity. The past decade has witnessed a sea change in the priorities for the energy sector in south africa moving from the apartheid era singleminded emphasis on energy security to a broader concern. The national energy regulator of south africa nersa derives its mandate from the national energy regulator act, 40 of 2004. The energy sectors global and inclusive forum for engagement, the energy council, believes that south africas gastopower programme is vital to ensuring energy security for the country. South africas energy security in the context of climate. The following section discusses energy security, south africas grid security and. The policy will help reduce south africas overreliance on coal. Renewable energy opportunities and electricity in south. The nuclear energy policy aims to increase the role of nuclear energy as part of the process of diversifying south africa s primary energy sources to ensure energy security.
The south african economy is highly energy intensive compared to other developing countries. Subsaharan africas experiences section presents the impacts of climate changes on agriculture and food security in various african countries. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Energy security services drives an entrepreneurial value proposition to companies and their energy projects across africa. The rise of africa in the international geopolitical landscape a u. Due to rising global energy demands, ongoing terrorism in the middle east and north africa, and. Energy security and subsaharan africa springerlink.
South africa aims to have an energy sector that promotes economic growth and development, social equity through expanded access to energy services and environmental sustainability through efforts to reduce pollution and mitigate the effects of climate change. Department of minerals and energy energy security master plan electricity page 6 1. South africa has limited proven gas reserves, but it does have access to what is believed to be the worlds eighthlargest shale gas reserves. Preface 2 introduction 4 renewable energy 6 photovoltaic pv solar as embedded generation 9 feedin tariff refit for embedded generation 9 snapshot of the national energy system 10 issues arising from the energy system 11 access to energy services 14. Renewable energy opportunities and electricity in south africa in 2015 contents. Domestic sources and available substitutes alone cannot satisfy the countrys current demand. Although china does not import oil from south africa, it could benefit from south africas technology in the energy sector and the strong refining and gasification infrastructure of sasol, a south african based global company. We argue that south africa is facing a crisis in energy security, evidenced in the three most. Key challenges for ensuring food security in south africa. Further, re is strategically viewed as an avenue through which the south african government can respond to the challenge of climate change, improve energy security by diversifying sources of energy supply, and propel green growth through localisation and empowerment dme 2003. Apr 17, 2019 an index of security, governance, prosperity and welfare indicators shows south africa slumped to 88th out of 178 nations in 2018 from 31st in 2006, according to an analysis of the countrys. I present the department of minerals and energy s performance report for the 200910.
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